SRCmail/electron/main.ts

// Electron main process for the VNCmail+ (Bulwark) desktop shell.
//
// Boots the exact same Next.js "standalone" server artifact the Dockerfile
// already produces for production (see next.config.ts's `output:
// "standalone"` and the Dockerfile's builder stage) as a child process on a
// random localhost port, then opens a BrowserWindow pointed at it. This is
// deliberately the same server, not a reimplementation - lib/jmap/client.ts
// and every app/api/** route behave identically to the web deployment.
import { app, BrowserWindow, ipcMain, Notification } from "electron";
import { autoUpdater } from "electron-updater";
import { spawn, type ChildProcess } from "node:child_process";
import { randomBytes } from "node:crypto";
import { createServer } from "node:net";
import { get as httpGet } from "node:http";
import path from "node:path";
import fs from "node:fs";
import type { Duplex } from "node:stream";
import { attachKeyService, checkEncryptionAvailable } from "./key-service";

let serverProcess: ChildProcess | null = null;
let mainWindow: BrowserWindow | null = null;

/**
 * Root for the encrypted local search index (lib/mail-index/**). Under
 * `userData`, so it is per-OS-user and removed with the app's data.
 *
 * Passing this to the server child process is what ACTIVATES the index: the
 * routes 404 without it. That matters because the standalone server is the same
 * artifact the production Dockerfile ships to multi-tenant deployments, where a
 * server-side index of every user's mail would be badly wrong. One variable
 * both enables the feature and supplies its path, so the two cannot drift apart.
 */
function getIndexStoreDir(): string {
  return path.join(app.getPath("userData"), "offline");
}

/**
 * Every writable data dir the standalone server uses, redirected under
 * `userData`.
 *
 * WITHOUT this, all four default to `<cwd>/data/*` (see lib/admin/paths.ts,
 * lib/settings-sync.ts, lib/telemetry/state.ts, lib/version-check/state.ts),
 * and in a packaged build cwd is `.../VNCmail+.app/Contents/Resources/standalone`
 * - i.e. the app writes its own runtime state INSIDE its own bundle. Three
 * separate failure modes, all observed rather than theorised:
 *
 *  1. It INVALIDATES THE CODE SIGNATURE. A signed .app seals its Resources;
 *     writing there breaks the seal, so `codesign --verify` starts failing
 *     ("code has no resources but signature indicates they must be present")
 *     and macOS reports the app as *damaged* on a later launch. Verified on
 *     an installed copy in /Applications: signature valid at install time,
 *     exit 1 after the app had run once and written data/admin + data/telemetry.
 *     Deep-signing the bundle at build time (scripts/after-sign.cjs) is
 *     necessary but NOT sufficient on its own - the app immediately breaks
 *     its own signature at runtime unless the writes go elsewhere.
 *  2. An app update replaces the bundle, silently destroying the user's admin
 *     config, settings and setup state.
 *  3. It fails outright wherever the bundle isn't user-writable.
 *
 * `userData` is the correct home for per-user mutable state on every platform
 * and is where the search index already lives, so this keeps one convention.
 */
function getServerDataDirs(): Record<string, string> {
  const root = app.getPath("userData");
  return {
    ADMIN_CONFIG_DIR: path.join(root, "admin"),
    ADMIN_STATE_DIR: path.join(root, "admin-state"),
    SETTINGS_DATA_DIR: path.join(root, "settings"),
    TELEMETRY_DATA_DIR: path.join(root, "telemetry"),
    VERSION_CHECK_DATA_DIR: path.join(root, "version-check"),
  };
}

/**
 * Desktop-shell defaults for a fresh, un-configured install.
 *
 * Setting JMAP_SERVER_URL puts the standalone server into "env-managed"
 * mode (see lib/setup/state.ts's detectSetupState()) - the ONLY thing that
 * disables the setup wizard short of an operator finishing it by hand. Every
 * distributable build of this desktop shell up to 2026-08-05 skipped this,
 * so handing someone the packaged app landed them on "Bulwark Webmail
 * Setup" asking for a token out of container logs they have no access to -
 * caught only by actually launching the packaged .app and looking, not by
 * reading the build log.
 *
 * The rest are CONFIG_ENV_MAP entries (lib/admin/types.ts) that only matter
 * while env-managed - once an admin completes the wizard, config.json wins
 * for everything except jmapServerUrl itself. allowCustomJmapEndpoint keeps
 * the server field on the login screen editable, so this is a starting
 * point for the sandbox, not a hard lock to it.
 *
 * `...process.env` in startStandaloneServer() below is spread AFTER this
 * object, so a real deployment env (the Dockerfile path, or a future
 * per-install override) still wins over these defaults.
 */
function getDesktopDefaults(): Record<string, string> {
  return {
    JMAP_SERVER_URL: "https://stalwart.sandbox.vnc.de",
    APP_NAME: "VNCmail+",
    APP_SHORT_NAME: "VNCmail+",
    LOGIN_LOGO_LIGHT_URL: "/branding/SRC_Symbol.png",
    LOGIN_LOGO_DARK_URL: "/branding/SRC_Symbol.png",
    LOGIN_COMPANY_NAME: "VNC AG",
    FAVICON_URL: "/branding/SRC_Symbol.png",
    ALLOW_CUSTOM_JMAP_ENDPOINT: "true",
    // The login page's subtitle falls back to the login.title i18n string
    // whenever it differs from appName (app/(main)/[locale]/login/page.tsx)
    // - a check clearly written for the original Bulwark/"Webmail" pairing,
    // where they matched. With APP_NAME overridden to "VNCmail+" they no
    // longer match, so the raw translation ("Webmail") surfaces instead of
    // anything brand-appropriate. Hiding the subtitle avoids editing a
    // shared i18n string that every other deployment (incl. Bulwark
    // default) still uses - the SRC logo + "VNCmail+" heading is enough
    // context on its own.
    LOGIN_SHOW_SUBTITLE: "false",
  };
}

/**
 * Per-install session secret for the standalone server.
 *
 * The server's cookie crypto (lib/auth/crypto.ts) refuses to mint the
 * `jmap_stalwart_ctx` auth-context cookie without a >=32-char SESSION_SECRET,
 * and every server-side-identity feature hangs off that cookie: the encrypted
 * local search index and offline replica (their routes 401 without it),
 * S/MIME enrolment, and the AI `server` class. A web deployment gets the
 * secret from an operator (env var or the setup wizard); the desktop shell
 * has NO operator, and up to 1.7.8 the packaged app simply shipped without
 * one — so every login's stalwart-context POST failed with 500, the index
 * stayed permanently empty, and the AI assistant answered "No local mail
 * index available in this session" against real accounts. Caught live on a
 * real mailbox, not by tests: every test run had injected its own
 * SESSION_SECRET into the child env, masking exactly this.
 *
 * Generated once per install (64 hex chars, comfortably over the minimum),
 * persisted 0600 under userData next to the rest of the per-user state, and
 * handed to the server as SESSION_SECRET_FILE rather than SESSION_SECRET so
 * the value itself stays out of the child's environment block. A
 * deployment-provided SESSION_SECRET env var still wins — getSessionSecret()
 * resolves the env var before the file.
 */
function ensureSessionSecretFile(): string | null {
  const secretPath = path.join(app.getPath("userData"), "session-secret");
  try {
    const existing = fs.readFileSync(secretPath, "utf8").trim();
    if (existing.length >= 32) return secretPath;
  } catch {
    /* first run — generate below */
  }
  try {
    fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(secretPath), { recursive: true });
    fs.writeFileSync(secretPath, randomBytes(32).toString("hex"), { mode: 0o600 });
    return secretPath;
  } catch (cause) {
    // Loud, because the downstream symptom is otherwise "index/AI features
    // return 401" with no hint of why — but never fatal: reading mail does
    // not depend on this cookie.
    console.error("[electron] could not persist a session secret:", cause);
    return null;
  }
}

/**
 * Locates the standalone server's entrypoint. Packaged builds ship it as an
 * extraResource (see electron-builder.config.js) because .next/standalone
 * isn't inside the app.asar; dev runs read it straight out of the repo via
 * `npm run build:standalone`.
 */
function getStandaloneServerEntry(): string {
  if (app.isPackaged) {
    return path.join(process.resourcesPath, "standalone", "server.js");
  }
  return path.join(app.getAppPath(), ".next", "standalone", "server.js");
}

function getFreePort(): Promise<number> {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const server = createServer();
    server.unref();
    server.on("error", reject);
    server.listen(0, "127.0.0.1", () => {
      const address = server.address();
      if (address && typeof address === "object") {
        const { port } = address;
        server.close(() => resolve(port));
      } else {
        server.close(() => reject(new Error("Could not allocate a free localhost port")));
      }
    });
  });
}

function waitForServerReady(url: string, timeoutMs = 20000): Promise<void> {
  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs;
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const attempt = () => {
      const req = httpGet(url, (res) => {
        res.resume();
        resolve();
      });
      req.on("error", () => {
        if (Date.now() > deadline) {
          reject(new Error(`Standalone server never became reachable at ${url}`));
          return;
        }
        setTimeout(attempt, 200);
      });
    };
    attempt();
  });
}

async function startStandaloneServer(): Promise<string> {
  const serverEntry = getStandaloneServerEntry();
  if (!fs.existsSync(serverEntry)) {
    throw new Error(
      `Standalone Next.js server not found at ${serverEntry}. Run "npm run build:standalone" first.`,
    );
  }

  // Normally a random free port, chosen fresh every launch - JMAP_SERVER_URL
  // never needs to reference it back (a real deployment's Stalwart lives at
  // its own fixed address). VNCMAIL_TEST_FIXED_PORT is a narrow escape hatch
  // for e2e tests that DO need to know the port ahead of time - specifically
  // to point DEV_MOCK_JMAP's JMAP_SERVER_URL at this same standalone server's
  // own /api/dev-jmap route, which is the only way to exercise the real
  // encrypted offline index (lib/mail-index/**) without a real Stalwart
  // fixture: that index's key channel only gets wired up in this function,
  // never when ELECTRON_LOAD_URL bypasses it for a plain `next dev` target.
  // Unset in every normal launch, so this changes nothing outside a test run.
  const fixedPort = process.env.VNCMAIL_TEST_FIXED_PORT ? Number(process.env.VNCMAIL_TEST_FIXED_PORT) : null;
  const port = fixedPort && Number.isInteger(fixedPort) ? fixedPort : await getFreePort();
  const url = `http://127.0.0.1:${port}`;

  const storeDir = getIndexStoreDir();
  const encryption = checkEncryptionAvailable();
  if (!encryption.ok) {
    // Refuse rather than degrade. On Linux with no keyring, safeStorage
    // "succeeds" using a hardcoded public password, which would look like an
    // encrypted mailbox index while providing no protection. Leaving the env
    // vars unset makes every index route 404, so the app runs normally without
    // the feature.
    console.error(`[electron] local search index disabled: ${encryption.reason}`);
  }

  // Spawn the Electron binary itself as a plain Node process
  // (ELECTRON_RUN_AS_NODE) instead of depending on a system Node install -
  // the packaged app can't assume Node exists on the target machine, and
  // this keeps dev/packaged behavior identical.
  //
  // stdio gains a 4th entry: fd 3 is the key channel for the local index (see
  // electron/key-service.ts). libuv creates extra stdio "pipe" entries as
  // socketpairs, so it is duplex in both directions - verified by execution
  // before this was built on. Deliberately NOT an environment variable: env is
  // readable by any process running as the same OS user, which would defeat
  // using the OS keychain at all. The fd NUMBER below is not a secret; only
  // what travels over it is.
  const sessionSecretFile = ensureSessionSecretFile();

  serverProcess = spawn(process.execPath, [serverEntry], {
    env: {
      // First, so any real deployment env (a future per-install override,
      // or this same binary run somewhere JMAP_SERVER_URL is already set)
      // wins over these desktop-shell defaults - see getDesktopDefaults().
      ...getDesktopDefaults(),
      // Also before ...process.env: an operator-provided SESSION_SECRET or
      // SESSION_SECRET_FILE must win over the per-install default (and a
      // SESSION_SECRET env var outranks any file in getSessionSecret()'s
      // resolution order regardless).
      ...(sessionSecretFile ? { SESSION_SECRET_FILE: sessionSecretFile } : {}),
      ...process.env,
      ELECTRON_RUN_AS_NODE: "1",
      PORT: String(port),
      HOSTNAME: "127.0.0.1",
      NODE_ENV: process.env.NODE_ENV || "production",
      // Keep all mutable state out of the .app bundle - see
      // getServerDataDirs() for why that matters. Placed after
      // ...process.env so the desktop shell's paths win over any inherited
      // value; the same standalone server run outside Electron (the Docker
      // image) never executes this and keeps its documented env behaviour.
      ...getServerDataDirs(),
      ...(encryption.ok
        ? { VNCMAIL_DESKTOP_STORE_DIR: storeDir, VNCMAIL_DESKTOP_KEY_FD: "3" }
        : {}),
    },
    stdio: encryption.ok
      ? ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit", "pipe"]
      : "inherit",
  });

  if (encryption.ok) {
    attachKeyService(serverProcess.stdio[3] as Duplex | null, storeDir);
  }

  serverProcess.on("exit", (code, signal) => {
    if (code !== 0 && code !== null) {
      console.error(`[electron] standalone server exited early (code=${code}, signal=${signal})`);
    }
    serverProcess = null;
  });

  await waitForServerReady(url);
  return url;
}

function stopStandaloneServer(): void {
  if (serverProcess && !serverProcess.killed) {
    serverProcess.kill();
  }
  serverProcess = null;
}

async function createMainWindow(): Promise<void> {
  // Test-only escape hatch: when set, skip spawning the standalone server
  // entirely and load this URL instead. Used by
  // integration/tests/11-electron-notification.spec.ts, which needs a
  // dev-mode Next.js server (proxy.ts's CSP only widens connect-src to
  // allow plain-HTTP/ws JMAP in dev - see that file's comments) to reach
  // the integration fixture's deliberately-plaintext local Stalwart,
  // exactly the same trade-off integration/webmail.Dockerfile already makes
  // for the browser-based integration suite. Never set by real users or by
  // any of the packaging/CI paths - those always go through
  // startStandaloneServer() below.
  const url = process.env.ELECTRON_LOAD_URL || (await startStandaloneServer());

  mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
    width: 1280,
    height: 860,
    webPreferences: {
      preload: path.join(__dirname, "preload.js"),
      contextIsolation: true,
      nodeIntegration: false,
      sandbox: true,
    },
  });

  mainWindow.on("closed", () => {
    mainWindow = null;
  });

  await mainWindow.loadURL(url);
}

// --- Native notification bridge --------------------------------------------
// Called from the preload's `window.vnc.showNotification` (electron/preload.ts),
// itself called from lib/electron-bridge.ts's showElectronNotification(),
// itself called from app/(main)/[locale]/page.tsx's "new mail arrived"
// effect whenever lib/jmap/client.ts's push pipeline (WebSocket, or its SSE/
// polling fallback - see that file's circuit breaker) reports a genuine new
// message. Electron's own Notification API is the desktop shell's
// notification path - it sits alongside, not in place of, the browser/PWA's
// service-worker push path (public/sw.js's `push`/`notificationclick`
// handlers + lib/web-push.ts).
ipcMain.handle(
  "vnc:show-notification",
  (_event, title: string, options?: { body?: string; tag?: string }) => {
    // Test-only observability hook, read via Playwright's
    // electronApp.evaluate(({ app }) => ...) - see
    // integration/tests/11-electron-notification.spec.ts. Not gated behind
    // NODE_ENV: it's an inert counter with no behavioral effect, cheaper
    // than maintaining a second code path just for tests.
    const counters = app as unknown as { __notificationCallCount?: number };
    counters.__notificationCallCount = (counters.__notificationCallCount ?? 0) + 1;

    if (!Notification.isSupported()) {
      return { shown: false };
    }
    const notification = new Notification({
      title,
      body: options?.body ?? "",
    });
    notification.show();
    return { shown: true };
  },
);

// --- Auto-update -------------------------------------------------------
// GitHub Releases as the update feed (electron-builder.config.js's
// `publish` block) - the skill's recommendation over standing up a new
// distribution channel, since the repo is already private. "Light
// decision" per VNCprodbuild step 7, not re-litigated here.
//
// Deliberately best-effort: there's no code signing yet (step 9), so on
// macOS in particular an update download/install can fail signature
// verification. A failed check must never take the app down - it's
// background maintenance, not something the user is blocked on.
function setupAutoUpdater(): void {
  if (!app.isPackaged) {
    // Unpacked dev/test runs (npm run electron:dev, the Playwright smoke
    // test) have no latest.yml alongside them - checking would just log a
    // noisy 404 against GitHub Releases for every dev run.
    return;
  }
  autoUpdater.autoDownload = true;
  autoUpdater.autoInstallOnAppQuit = true;
  autoUpdater.on("error", (error) => {
    console.error("[electron] auto-update error:", error);
  });
  autoUpdater.checkForUpdatesAndNotify().catch((error) => {
    console.error("[electron] checkForUpdatesAndNotify failed:", error);
  });
}

app.whenReady().then(() => {
  void createMainWindow();
  setupAutoUpdater();
});

app.on("window-all-closed", () => {
  stopStandaloneServer();
  if (process.platform !== "darwin") {
    app.quit();
  }
});

app.on("before-quit", () => {
  stopStandaloneServer();
});

app.on("activate", () => {
  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
    void createMainWindow();
  }
});